The structural solution is conditioned by utilization of the whole bridge’s vertical cross-section as the structural depth of the horizontal bridge-beam.
The applicability of 6+8 layer I.P.L space frame was examined and found of great merit.
It is conceiva ble that private entrepreneurs could be profit-motivated to invest in these projects and consequently help realize built assets and servicing solutions, to benefit the whole community, in the spirit of sustainable development doctrine.
The followina conceptual oroiect applications were developed over the last 25 years:
1.The Rushmiya Housing Bridge (1983), in Haifa (economic-structural consultancy was provided by D.Chamanski and Y.Sarne, respectively). It was a 10 storey-high and 350m long, spanning the Rushmiya canyon and joining the lzraeliya and the Geula neighborhoods; shortening inter travel-distance by ~ 4km’s.
2.Bridge Avenues in the context of coastal marine development on artificial islands (1990-1998). Bridge Avenues are meant to provide main infrastructure – transportation solution between the artificial islands and the coastal city front and as a generic solution for inter-islands transportation and urban fabric development.
3.Bridge Avenues in selected urban mountainous sites, all over Israel, as part of R&D, sponsored by the Israeli Ministry of Housing and Infra Structures, (in collaboration with A.Sela, 1998-2 002). Of special note were sites in Jerusalem, Ma’aleh Edomim, Nazareth and Haifa (over the Rushmiya).
4.Floating Bridge Avenues, spanning over lakes, marine straits and wide riverS, supported on floating platforms, 200+300 meters apart, (2002+6).
a. Bridge Avenue over the Bosphorus – Istanbul.
b. Bridge Avenue over the Zurich Lake.
G. Bridge Avenue over the Messina straits (3,5 km long), connecting between Reggio Di Calabria and Messina (Sicily).
s.The Sydney Bridge Avenues – a partial solution to urban
densification within the Sydney Metropolitan area and its land transportation system (2003-4).
The geography of Sydney is dominated by the Parramatta, George, Middle Harbor and Hacking Rivers, which cut its land expanse into
many ‘macro land cells’, in which land transportation continuity is critically disrupted, resulting in grave economic-social concononcos avnortad increaco ith urhan critically disrupted, resulting grave consequences, expected to increase with the urban density growth.
Bridge Avenues over the rivers can contribute, substantially, to Sydney’s urban densification, thus restraining its urban sprawl and conquest of wide new green farm an nature preserve land and increasing the effectiveness of its inner transportation system and other critical infrastructures.

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